Recent studies suggest that components of bath salts are even more addictive than methamphetamine. For example, the pharmacology, toxicology, and safety knowledge of the compounds used to form synthetic marijuana are practically unknown. These substances mimic the effects of perceived "harder drugs," yet their effects go widely undocumented due to their manipulative characteristics. At least in part, both categories of "designer drugs" remain obtainable in today’s global marketplace. Both synthetic substances can have severe adverse effects, including panic attacks, agitation, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, anxiety, pallor, numbness and tingling, vomiting, hallucinations, and even death. Most of these stimulants contain the chemical compounds MDPV (3, 4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone), mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone), or methylone (3, 4-methylenedioxymethcathinone), which mimic the effects of cocaine, LSD, and methamphetamine. The second category, Synthetic Cathinoes, commonly referred to as "bath salts" have also risen in popularity in American culture and are dangerous for consumers of the drugs, as well as the authorities regulating their use. The popularity of these substances was fueled by not only their desired effects, but also the mistaken assumption that they were "legal," yet the composition of these drugs may be anywhere from two to more than 500 times stronger than regular THC. in 2008, are chemicals that mimic the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive active ingredient in marijuana. The first category, Synthetic Cannabinoids, initially detected in the U.S. Although different in effects and chemical formations, problems with these synthetic drugs are similar therefore, after an initial discussion of each, these categories are synthesized for purposes of this Note. In terms of regulation, synthetic drugs fall into two prohibited categories: Cannabinoids and Cathinoes. Background: the Composition, Existing Policy, and Recent Trends of Synthetic Drugs Lastly, Part IV advocates for two promising bills and provides additional modifications that will further assist in improving the synthetic drug problem facing our nation. Part III, utilizing a recent federal court case and textual uncertainties of the statute, identifies the difficulties surrounding prosecuting manufacturers of synthetic drugs under the existing drug policy. Part II focuses on the rise in popularity of these substances and their potentially disastrous effects on users. Part I of this Note discusses two common types of synthetic drugs and the current overall drug policy landscape in the United States. Synthetic drugs pose an increasingly severe threat in need of an updated 21st century drug policy, instead of a continued reliance on deficient existing laws based on regulating opium, heroin, and cocaine from plants. This note focuses on the two-tier problem of controlling synthetic drugs, from the existing loophole in the federal drug policy, to the difficulty of prosecuting synthetic drug offenders. As authorities identify specific chemical components to outlaw, rudimentary chemists simply modify existing drug compositions slightly to escape the law. Unfortunately, the synthetic drug enigma facing our nation is not merely the result of these products’ accessibility, but likewise due to their easily manipulative characteristics, which help manufacturers circumvent existing laws.
The industry, which targets drug-naïve teenagers and young adults through the combination of shiny packaging with familiar cartoon characters and vibrant names such as Ivory Wave, Spice, and Cloud Nine, generates an estimated $5 billion dollars annually. These substances, although widely eradicated in neighborhood gas stations and head shops, remain easily obtainable over the internet. As if there were not enough problems with other classes of drugs for authorities, a new "underappreciated" category - synthetic drugs - has gained tremendous momentum within the last few years in the United States and around the world. The "war on drugs" is facing a new opponent, one that is sophisticated and dynamic, but unfortunately whose dangers go widely undocumented.
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